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JASCO ELECTRONICS HOLDINGS LIMITED - Unaudited Interim Results for the six months ended 31 December 2016

Release Date: 14/02/2017 07:05
Code(s): JSC     PDF:  
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Unaudited Interim Results for the six months ended 31 December 2016

JASCO ELECTRONICS HOLDINGS LIMITED
Registration number 1987/003293/06
JSE share code: JSC  
ISIN: ZAE000003794
("Jasco" or "the company" or "the group")

UNAUDITED INTERIM RESULTS FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2016

REVENUE
-7%
to R521,1m

EPS
+10%
to 6.28cps

HEPS
+11%
to 6.34cps

GEARING
-40%
to 38.8%

INTRODUCTION

Operational performance

In spite of the difficult economic conditions in South Africa and the continued
negative impact of the exchange rate during the period, Jasco's first half performance
was pleasing, with the benefit of focusing on improving margins rather than revenue
growth evident in the results.

The main contributors to the results - representing 64% of group revenue - were:

- Electrical Manufacturers, bucking the market conditions and delivering a strong
  top and bottom line performance, mainly due to the diversification strategy, with
  new customers adding to volumes.
- Intelligent Technologies delivering another pleasing performance in spite of
  lower revenue in Power and Renewables.
- Enterprise continuing to make progress on improving its profitability, with a further
  reduction in the cost base following the planned exit from an unprofitable security
  contract. This negatively impacted volumes during the period.

The Carrier business - representing 36% of group revenue - disappointed on
lower revenue, with reduced spend by the major telecommunications operators
due to consolidation in the market. This business was worst affected by the volatile
exchange rate.

Sale of investment in M-TEC

The majority of the proceeds of R40 million from the sale of Jasco's investment in
M-TEC was received in the second quarter. It was firstly allocated to interest and
secondly to capital. The remaining balance of R2,2 million is expected to be settled
before the end of the financial year. This continues to accrue interest.

Domestic Medium-Term Note Programme (DMTN Programme) (corporate bond)

The group redeemed a further R20 million of the capital balance at the end
of November 2016. This reduced the balance owing to R70 million as at
31 December 2016. The repayment date has been extended from 31 January 2018 
to 31 January 2019.

A further R10 million was redeemed on 31 January 2017.

FINANCIAL OVERVIEW

Statement of comprehensive income

Headline earnings increased by 10.7% to R14,2 million (Dec 2015: R12,9 million) and
headline earnings per share 10.5% to 6.34 cents per share (Dec 2015: 5.74 cents per share).

Earnings per share (EPS) was up by 9.6% to 6.28 cents per share (Dec 2015: 5.73 cents per share). 
The weighted average number of shares in issue was marginally
up from 224,2 million shares to 224,6 million shares. This did not have a material
dilutionary impact on EPS and HEPS.

In line with a more bottom-line focus, revenue of R521,1 million was 6.6% lower
(Dec 2015: R558,1 million). The contributors to revenue were:

                          Dec 2016                 Dec 2015
                               R'm   % change           R'm

Carriers                    R191,2     (15.7)        R226,7
Enterprise                  R147,9      (2.4)        R151,4
Intelligent Technologies     R83,8     (18.1)        R102,3
Electrical Manufacturers    R102,5      +24.9         R82,0

The exchange rate volatility impacted this period negatively, with a R6 million swing
from a net foreign exchange profit of R2,1 million in the comparative period to a net
foreign exchange loss of R3,9 million in the current period. The foreign currency risk is
carefully managed through a hedging programme, but is impacted by Rand volatility
when measuring the value of the financial instruments at reporting dates.

Profit before interest and taxation (PBIT) was flat at R30,1 million (Dec 2015: R30,1 million) 
despite the losses on foreign exchange. This was mainly due to the
good performances in Intelligent Technologies and Electrical Manufacturers, an
improving performance from Enterprise and cost reductions at head office. These
compensated for the drop in profit in Carrier. The East Africa operations based in
Kenya saw strong revenue growth from R0,6 million to R10,5 million. Expected start-up
investment in the operating capacity of this operation resulted in an operating loss of
R1,0 million. This was unchanged from to the comparative period.

Net finance costs of R5,6 million reduced from the corresponding period's
R7,8 million. The finance income earned from long-term receivables decreased
and relates mainly to the group's long-term co-location contract with an African
telecommunications operator. This contract has 14 months left to completion. Also
included in finance income was the interest on the M-TEC purchase consideration. The
main contributor to finance costs was interest on the corporate bond of R5,5 million
(Dec 2015: R5,7 million). The interest on the overdraft reduced from R2,4 million to
R1,5 million.

The taxation expense of R9,3 million (Dec 2015: R8,0 million) is due to a number
of the subsidiary companies returning to tax-paying positions on full utilisation of
historically assessed losses in the prior financial year. The higher effective tax rate of
37.8% is due to the corporate bond interest, which is non-deductible.

Profit attributable to ordinary shareholders increased by 9.8% to R14,1 million
(Dec 2015: R12,9 million).

Statement of financial position

Non-current assets and liabilities

Plant and equipment of R61,2 million (Dec 2015: R55,9 million) increased
on capital expenditure of R7,0 million in the period (Dec 2015: R3,8 million).
This predominantly consisted of additions of R2,5 million to the plant and machinery
at Electrical Manufacturers, R2,0 million in post-production studio equipment
for Broadcast Solutions and R1,8 million in computer equipment for the group's
IT infrastructure.

Intangible assets (including goodwill) of R91,7 million increased from R80,1 million
in December 2015 and R88,7 million at 30 June 2016 as a result of the continued
roll-out of the ERP system into the rest of the group, as well as additional development
required in premises-based voice transaction management applications.

Other non-current financial assets of R5,2 million (Dec 2015: R21,0 million) relates
to the non-current portion of the group's finance lease receivable from its annuity
contract with a regional telecommunications operator of R2,9 million, as well as the
remaining proceeds relating to the sale of the investment in M-TEC.

The long-term interest-bearing liabilities of R74,3 million (Dec 2015: R121,3 million)
decreased, mainly due to the part redemption of the corporate bond as outlined
earlier. The balance relates mainly to the project funding from a strategic supplier to
fund the finance lease receivable. The gearing ratio improved from 54% to 39%.

Working capital

Net working capital days of 46,5 days are above the target of 35 days. This was
mainly due to lower volumes, high opening balances and the earlier payment of
creditors to take advantage of early settlement discounts and additional volume
discounts. This is expected to reduce by 30 June 2017. The following table
compares the current period to the June 2016 and December 2015 positions:

                 Dec       Jun      Dec
                2016      2016     2015

Inventory       39,7      35,3     34,5
Receivables    106,0     107,3     97,1
Payables      (99,2)   (103,8)   (93,6)
NWC days        46,5      38,8     38,0

Inventories on hand were R105,4 million (Dec 2015: R120,7 million). The inventory
levels in Electrical Manufacturers increased to cater for the increased volumes while
inventories in Carrier, Intelligent Technologies and Enterprise were all lower than the
prior year due to lower sales volumes.

The net trade receivables of R172,7 million decreased from R201,8 million
in December 2015 and R184,8 million in June 2016. The age profile of the
debtors' book is good, with isolated incidents of delayed payments from major
telecommunications operators in the Carrier business. Although Enterprise's debtors'
balance reduced from R67,5 million in December 2015 to R37,3 million in
December 2016, the age profile requires further improvement. Management is
focusing on this.

Other receivables and pre-payments decreased to R79,0 million (Dec 2015:
R153,1 million). The prior year's number was skewed by once-off trade funding for
a compact fluorescent lamp project. Also included in the balance are the prepaid
service level agreements with suppliers (mainly in Enterprise).

Trade and other payables of R165,8 million (Dec 2015: R263,4 million) decreased
mainly due to the trade funding included in December 2015 relating to the compact
fluorescent lamp supply contract mentioned above.

The deferred maintenance revenue of R68,7 million (Dec 2015: R68,9 million)
relates to prepaid service level agreements from blue-chip customers, predominantly
in Enterprise.

Statement of cash flows

The statement of cash flows reflects cash generated from operations before working
capital changes of R38,9 million. This was flat when compared to R39,1 million
in December 2015 in line with the operating profit performance. Working capital
changes reflect an outflow of R24,7 million (Dec 2015: R15,0 million outflow).
This outflow mainly relates to the decrease in trade payables on the early settlement
of certain suppliers.

The net interest payment of R5,6 million (Dec 2015: R7,8 million) reduced, while
income tax payments were flat at R4,7 million. The dividend of 2 cents per share
declared in September 2016 was paid and resulted in a R4,5 million cash outflow.

Total cash outflows from operating activities of R0,6 million therefore compare to an
R11,6 million inflow recorded in December 2015.

Investing activities saw an inflow of R33,8 million (Dec 2015: R0,2 million outflow)
on receipt of the M-TEC sale proceeds and the long-term lease receivables. This was
somewhat offset by the capital expenditure on plant and equipment and intangible
assets mentioned under the statement of financial position.

The financing activities outflow of R30,4 million (Dec 2015: R5,6 million outflow)
relates to the repayment of the corporate bond, project funding vendor loan and
other asset financing loans.

Accordingly, the difference between the closing and opening cash balances is
an increase in cash resources of R2,8 million (Dec 2015: R5,7 million increase).
Management maintained its focus on reducing stock levels where appropriate,
improving terms of supply from major trade partners, and improving debtors'
collections.

OPERATIONAL REVIEW

There were no changes to the group structure in this period.

Carrier - 36% of group revenue

Revenue decreased by 15.7% to R191,2 million (Dec 2015: R226,7 million), mainly
due to a continued slowdown in spend by the major telecommunications operators,
resulting from consolidation in the market. This business unit was once again affected by
the exchange rate volatility. This resulted in a loss of R3,1 million compared to a profit of
R5,0 million in the corresponding prior period. Based on this, operating profit decreased
by 21.3% to R24,8 million (Dec 2015: R31,5 million), with an operating margin of
12.9% (Dec 2015: 13.9%).

Enterprise - 28% of group revenue

Revenue decreased by 2.4% to R147,9 million (Dec 2015: R151,4 million) due to
the planned termination of an unprofitable security contract with a major financial
institution. The annuity service level agreement revenue base was maintained at
60% of overall revenue. The operating profit more than doubled to R3,9 million
(Dec 2015: R1,7 million) and the operating margin improved from 1.1% to 2.7%,
predominantly due to significant savings in the cost base offsetting the impact of the
lower sales volumes achieved. The overhead expenses of R39,1 million included
once-off costs of R1,7 million relating to the restructure that followed the termination
of the above-mentioned contract. Despite this, the overhead expenses reduced by
8.1% or R3,5 million.

Intelligent Technologies - 16% of group revenue

Revenue decreased by 18.1% to R83,8 million (Dec 2015: R102,3 million),
following lower than expected volumes in Power Solutions and Renewable Energy
Solutions due to a slowdown in project spend from major customers. The operating
profit of R9,6 million (Dec 2015: R9,5 million) was flat in spite of the lower volumes
due to improved margins and overhead reductions. The operating margin of 11.4%
improved from 9.3% last year as overhead expenses decreased by 8.2% from
R18,7 million to R17,2 million.

Electrical Manufacturers - 20% of group revenue

In line with the strategy of diversifying the customer base, Electrical Manufacturers
delivered strong revenue growth of 24.9% to R102,5 million (Dec 2015: R82,0 million) 
on volumes from new customers and higher than expected volumes
from a major appliances manufacturer. The continued focus on diversifying the
revenue base is delivering good results.

The operating profit of R8,5 million increased from R6,3 million on the higher
volumes. The operating margin of 8.3% improved from 7.7% and cost control
remains very tight.

KEY INTERNAL INITIATIVES

The following key internal initiatives are underway:

Improving operating margins

The management team will remain focused on cost control in all areas of the business,
while remaining selective on the quality of gross margins on the generated revenue.

Working capital management

The focus on working capital management continued to gain momentum, with a pleasing
improvement in the stock and debtors position in Enterprise. The Carriers business
remains watchful of higher-risk customers due to ongoing consolidation taking place
in the telecommunications sector. The Electrical Manufacturers stock position increased
in line with the higher revenue, but is expected to decrease once volumes from new
customers stabilise.

Transformation

The transformation of Jasco requires ongoing attention, with a specific focus on the
following areas:

- Skills development and training of employees
- Employment equity - achieving targets at all management levels
- Retention of key technically skilled and scarce resources
- Black ownership - returning to a 51% black-owned status

GROUP PROSPECTS

As outlined, the group currently operates against difficult South African economic
and market conditions. The dramatic exchange rate volatility during the period made
trading more difficult. Higher than targeted inflation levels, together with the risk
of interest rate increases by the South African Reserve Bank, will remain in 2017
and will subdue economic growth. To counter this, Jasco will continue to execute its
strategy and concentrate on the following key areas:

- Limit the financial gearing to a maximum of 50%
- Continued increase in transformation, as outlined above
- Ongoing expansion into the rest of Africa by leveraging off the solid base
  established in Kenya
- Penetrate the Middle East and North Africa markets from the recently-established
  base in the United Arab Emirates
- Add new products and services to Jasco's portfolio, with an emphasis on
  Managed Solutions
- Evaluate bolt-on acquisitions to ensure smaller businesses achieve the required
  critical mass

Jasco's primary focus in the short-term will remain on delivering sustained profits
through a combination of organic growth and carefully targeted acquisitions in key
growth areas.

Shareholders are advised that any forward-looking information or statements
contained in this announcement have not been reviewed or reported on by Jasco's
independent auditors.

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

Aside from the R10 million partial redemption of the corporate bond on 31 January 2017, 
there were no material subsequent events.

CHANGES TO THE BOARD

Sir John Sherry retired from the Board on 1 September 2016.

Mr Haroon Moolla resigned from the Board on 1 November 2016. The Board
expresses its appreciation for the fine contribution made to Jasco over the
preceding five years. The Board welcomes independent non-executive members
Mrs Pumla Radebe and Miss Thandeka Zondi who joined the Board with effect from
1 January 2017 and looks forward to their contribution. Information on the new
Board members was released on SENS on 1 and 2 December 2016 respectively.

For and on behalf of the Board

Dr ATM Mokgokong           AMF da Silva                WA Prinsloo
(Non-executive chairman)   (Chief executive officer)   (Chief financial officer)

14 February 2017

BASIS OF PREPARATION OF INTERIM RESULTS

The unaudited results comply with IAS 34 - Interim Financial Reporting.
The accounting policies and methods of computation used in the preparation of
this report are consistent with those used in the preparation of the annual financial
statements for the year ended 30 June 2016, which comply with International
Financial Reporting Standard ("IFRS"), the SAICA Financial Reporting Guides as
issued by the Accounting Practices Committee and Financial Pronouncements as
issued by the Financial Reporting Standards Council, the Listings Requirements of the
JSE Limited and the Companies Act (2008) of South Africa.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The fair values of financial instruments are determined using appropriate valuation
techniques, including recent market transaction and other valuation models, have
been applied and significant inputs include exchange rates. The group only has
assets that are carried at fair value in level 2. There is no difference between the fair
value and carrying value of financial instruments not presented below due to either
the short-term nature of these items, or the fact that they are priced at variable interest
rates.

Fair value hierarchy

Financial instruments carried at fair value in the statement of financial
position                                                                          (R'000):
- Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss                                  -
- Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss                         1 139

Summarised consolidated statement of comprehensive income

                                     Unaudited    Unaudited                 Audited
                                      Dec 2016     Dec 2015          %     Jun 2016
(R'000)                               6 months     6 months     change    12 months
Revenue                                521 141      558 062      (6.6)    1 076 429
Turnover                               518 150      555 742      (6.8)    1 070 033
Interest received                        2 991        2 320       28.9        6 396

Operating profit before
interest and taxation                   30 106       30 065        0.1       41 677
Interest received                        2 991        2 320       28.9        6 396
Interest paid                          (8 603)     (10 111)     (14.9)     (21 596)
Profit before taxation                  24 494       22 274       10.0       26 477
Taxation                               (9 266)      (7 969)       16.3     (10 534)
Profit for the period/year              15 228       14 305        6.5       15 943
Other comprehensive
income                                   (209)            -                      31
Total comprehensive 
income for the period/ 
year                                    15 019       14 305        5.0       15 974
Profit attributable to: 
- minority shareholders                  1 117        1 451     (23.0)        1 765 
- equityholders of the 
  parent                                14 111       12 854        9.8       14 178
Profit for the period/year              15 228       14 305        6.5       15 943
Total comprehensive 
income attributable to: 
- minority shareholders                  1 117        1 451      (23.0)       1 765
- equityholders of the 
  parent                                13 902       12 854        8.2       14 209
Total comprehensive 
income for the period/ 
year                                    15 019       14 305        5.0       15 974
Reconciliation of headline
earnings
Net earnings attributable to
equityholders of the parent             14 111       12 854        9.8       14 178
Headline earnings
adjustments                                135           19    (610.5)         (47)
- loss on disposal of
  associate held for sale                    -            -                     255
- net after-tax loss/(profit)
  on disposal of fixed
  assets                                   135           19                   (302)
Headline earnings                       14 246       12 873       10.7       14 131
Number of shares in issue    ('000)    229 319      229 319                 229 319
Treasury shares              ('000)      4 704        5 129                   4 704
Weighted average
number of shares on which
earnings per share is
calculated                   ('000)    224 616      224 190                 224 616
Dilutive shares  
- dilutive shares and
   options                   ('000)        105            -                     105
Weighted average number
of shares on which diluted
earnings per share is
calculated                   ('000)    224 721      224 190        0.2      224 721
Ratio analysis 
Attributable earnings       (R'000)     14 111       12 854        9.8       14 178
EBITDA                      (R'000)     39 040       38 330        1.9       57 024
Earnings per share          (cents)        6.3          5.7        9.6          6.3
Diluted earnings per share  (cents)        6.3          5.7        9.6          6.3
Headline earnings per
share                       (cents)        6.3          5.7       10.5          6.3
Diluted headline earnings
per share                   (cents)        6.3          5.7       10.5          6.3
Dividend per share - final  (cents)        2.0            -      100.0            -
Net asset value per share   (cents)      104.3         98.7        5.6        100.1
Net tangible asset value
per share                   (cents)       63.5         63.0        0.7         60.6
Debt: Equity                    (%)       38.8         64.8     (40.0)         53.7
Interest cover              (times)        5.4          3.9       39.0          2.7
EBITDA interest cover       (times)        7.0          4.9       41.4          3.8

Summarised consolidated statement of financial position

                                                    Unaudited    Unaudited      Audited
(R'000)                                              Dec 2016     Dec 2015     Jun 2016
ASSETS 
Non-current assets                                    182 428      189 870      223 974
Plant and equipment                                    61 186       55 874       61 082
Intangible assets                                      91 687       80 051       88 731
Deferred tax asset                                     28 640       32 961       31 779
Other non-current assets                                  915       20 984       42 382
Non-current assets held for sale                            -       58 000            -
Current assets                                        392 688      490 610      408 686
Inventories                                           105 379      120 736      108 722
Trade and other receivables                           251 688      352 051      261 689
Foreign currency contacts                                   -            -          210
Short-term portion of other non-current assets         20 394       14 110       24 678
Taxation refundable                                     5 190        3 713        6 131
Cash and cash equivalents                              10 037            -        7 256
 
Total assets                                          575 116      738 480      632 660
EQUITY AND LIABILITIES  
Share capital and reserves                            242 426      228 143      231 849
Non-current liabilities                                79 523      129 621      110 747
Interest-bearing liabilities                           74 333      121 294      104 717
Deferred maintenance revenue                              997        3 551        2 721
Deferred tax liability                                  4 193        4 776        3 309
Current liabilities                                   253 167      380 716      290 064
Short-term portion of interest-bearing liabilities     19 649       26 591       19 818
Bank overdraft                                              -       25 420            -
Non-interest bearing liabilities                      163 424      254 704      203 178
Foreign currency contacts                               1 139        8 058        5 009
Deferred maintenance revenue                           67 676       65 324       60 403
Taxation liability                                      1 279          619        1 656
 
Total equity and liabilities                          575 116      738 480      632 660

Summarised consolidated statement of changes in equity

                                                    Unaudited    Unaudited      Audited
                                                     Dec 2016     Dec 2015     Jun 2016
(R'000)                                              6 months     6 months    12 months
Attributable to equity holders of the            
parent            
Opening balance                                       224 749     207 768       207 768
Treasury shares - Share Incentive Trust                   127           -           680
Share-based payment reserve                              (94)         735         2 092
Total comprehensive income                             13 902      12 854        14 209
- Profit for the period/year                           14 111      12 854        14 178
- Other comprehensive income                            (209)           -            31
Dividends declared                                    (4 475)           -             -
Closing balance                                       234 209     221 357       224 749
Non-controlling interests            
Opening balance                                         7 100       5 335         5 335
Total comprehensive income                              1 117       1 451         1 765
- Profit for the period/year                            1 117       1 451         1 765
- Other comprehensive income                                -           -             -         
Closing balance                                         8 217       6 786         7 100
Total equity                                          242 426     228 143       231 849

Summarised consolidated statement of cash flows

                                                    Unaudited    Unaudited      Audited
                                                     Dec 2016     Dec 2015     Jun 2016
(R'000)                                              6 months     6 months    12 months
Cash generated from operations before            
working capital changes                                38 946       39 065       62 943
Working capital changes                              (24 730)     (15 033)       16 412
Cash generated from operations                         14 216       24 032       79 355
Net financing costs                                   (5 612)      (7 791)     (15 934)
Net taxation paid                                     (4 679)      (4 677)      (8 908)
Dividends paid                                        (4 475)            -            -
Cash flow from operating activities                     (550)       11 564       54 513
Cash flow from investing activities                    33 757        (237)        7 266
Cash flow from financing activities                  (30 426)      (5 607)     (23 081)
Increase in cash resources                              2 781        5 720       38 698

Summarised consolidated segmental report
                                                31 Dec 2016                   31 Dec 2015                            30 June 2016
                                                 6 months                        6 months                               12 months
Income and expenses                                        Operating                     Operating                      Operating
(R'000)                                     Revenue    profit/(loss)      Revenue    profit/(loss)        Revenue   profit/(loss)
Carrier                                     191 354           24 884      226 668           31 453        414 153          47 778
Enterprise                                  147 858            3 925      151 429            1 662        317 960           3 736
Intelligent Technologies                     83 792            9 590      102 305            9 494        190 697          17 549
Electrical Manufacturers                    102 494            8 482       82 048            6 304        165 762          12 600
Sub-total operating divisions               525 498           46 881      562 450           48 913      1 088 572          81 663
Other                                         1 658         (15 671)          139         (17 795)          2 442        (36 786)
Adjustments                                 (6 015)          (1 104)      (4 527)          (1 053)       (14 585)         (3 200)
Total                                       521 141           30 106      558 062           30 065      1 076 429          41 677
Financial position
(R'000)                                      Assets      Liabilities       Assets      Liabilities         Assets     Liabilities
Carrier                                     161 294           44 161      204 066           89 085        151 209          40 307
Enterprise                                  141 139           73 453      144 994           87 039        147 783          94 507
Intelligent Technologies                     79 749           36 829      159 338          114 567         84 428          50 935
Electrical Manufacturers                     78 528           10 610       62 746            7 583         84 301          23 382
Sub-total operating divisions               460 710          165 053      571 144          298 274        467 721         209 131
Other                                        62 846          156 319      122 803          155 583        100 213         191 875
Adjustments                                  51 560           11 318       44 533           56 480         64 726           (195)
Total                                       575 116          332 690      738 480          510 337        632 660         400 811

Directors and secretary: Dr ATM Mokgokong (Chairman), MJ Madungandaba (Deputy Chairman),
JC Farrant*,  S Bawa, P Radebe*, T Zondi* (Non-Executives), AMF da Silva (CEO), WA Prinsloo
(CFO) (Executives), Sekretari (Pty) Ltd - D du Plessis (Company Secretary)
*Independent

Registered office: Jasco Park, C/O 2nd Street & Alexandra Avenue, Midrand, 1685

Transfer secretaries: Link Market Services SA (Pty) Ltd, 13th Floor Rennie House,
19 Ameshoff Street, Braamfontein, 2001

Sponsor: Grindrod Bank Limited, Fourth Floor, Grindrod Tower, 8A Protea Place, Sandton, 2146

Additional information is available at: www.jasco.co.za

40 YEARS OF EXCELLENCE

Date: 14/02/2017 07:05:00 Produced by the JSE SENS Department. The SENS service is an information dissemination service administered by the JSE Limited ('JSE'). 
The JSE does not, whether expressly, tacitly or implicitly, represent, warrant or in any way guarantee the truth, accuracy or completeness of
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