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TRANS HEX GROUP LIMITED - Unaudited interims for period September 2012 and renewal of cautionary

Release Date: 29/10/2012 15:49
Code(s): TSX     PDF:  
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Unaudited interims for period September 2012 and renewal of cautionary

Trans Hex Group Limited
(Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa)
(Registration number: 1963/007579/06)
Share code: TSX
ISIN: ZAE000018552
("Trans Hex" or "the Company")


Unaudited interim results for the six months ended 30 September 2012

Renewal of cautionary announcement relating to the acquisition of Namaqualand Mines



FINANCIAL HEADLINES

	Sales revenue up to R330,7 million (September 2011: R272,0 million).

	South African operations generated a profit before tax of R34,2 million (September 2011: R24,9 million).

	Group profit after tax from continuing operations was R24,9 million (September 2011: R16,3 million).

	Profit after tax from discontinued operations amounted to R8,0 million (September 2011: loss of R14,6 million).

	Group net profit for the period was R32,9 million (September 2011: R1,7 million).

	Net cash generated during the reporting period was R4,4 million (September 2011: net cash utilised R64,1 million) 
        resulting in the Groups net cash position at the end of the period being R351,7 million (September 2011: R203,4 million).

	Earnings per share amounted to 31,6 cents (September 2011: 1,6 cents) and headline earnings per share 
        amounted to 21,5 cents (September 2011: 1,6 cents). 

	Net asset value per share increased to 466,0 cents (September 2011: 219,0 cents).

	In Angola, Somiluana sales amounted to US$7,9 million (September 2011: US$9,8 million).

ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT


                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited
                                                 Notes         R'000          R'000          R'000

Continuing operations

Sales revenue                                                330 647        271 974        754 484

Cost of goods sold                                          (267 594)      (214 362)      (563 150)

Gross profit                                                  63 053         57 612        191 334

Royalties                                                     (9 225)        (5 848)       (21 447)

Selling and administration costs                             (33 843)       (31 509)       (61 948)

Mining profit                                                 19 985         20 255        107 939

Exploration costs                                             (3 237)        (6 363)        (9 225)

Other gains/(losses) ­ net                         1          15 164          7 474          7 795

Finance income                                                 8 599          6 574         14 155

Finance costs                                                 (4 878)        (6 319)       (11 496)

Share of results of associated companies                           -              -            117

Profit before income tax                                      35 633         21 621        109 285

Income tax                                                   (10 701)        (5 344)       (28 427)
Profit for the period from continuing
operations                                                    24 932         16 277         80 858

Discontinued operations
Profit/(loss) for the period from discontinued      
operations                                         2           7 994        (14 624)       127 438

Profit for the period                                         32 926          1 653        208 296


Attributable to:

Continuing operations                                         24 932         16 277         80 858

Owners of the parent                                          24 312         14 954         79 676

Non-controlling interest                                         620          1 323          1 182

Discontinuing operations

Owners of the parent                                           7 994        (14 624)       127 438

                                                              32 926          1 653        208 296

Earnings/(loss) per share (cents)

Continuing operations - Basic and diluted                       23,0           15,4           75,4

Discontinued operations - Basic and diluted                      7,6          (13,8)         120,6

Total - Basic and diluted                                       31,6            1,6          196,0


                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited  
                                                               R'000          R'000          R'000
Shares in issue adjusted for treasury shares
(`000)                                                       105 699        105 699        105 699

Average US$ exchange rate                                       8,29           6,89           7,55

HEADLINE EARNINGS/(LOSS)

Continuing operations                                         14 679         16 266         79 138
 
Discontinued operations                                        7 994        (14 624)       127 438

Total                                                         22 673          1 642        206 576

HEADLINE EARNINGS/(LOSS) PER SHARE (cents)

Continuing operations                                           13,9           15,4           74,9

Discontinued operations                                          7,6          (13,8)         120,6

Total                                                           21,5            1,6          195,5

ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited
                                                               R'000          R'000          R'000

Profit for the period                                         32 926          1 653        208 296

Other comprehensive income net of tax:
Translation differences on foreign
subsidiaries                                                  (7 482)       (77 849)       (47 201)

- Before-tax amount                                           (7 482)       (38 768)       (31 333)

- Tax expense                                                     -         (39 081)       (15 868)


Fair value adjustment on available-for-sale
financial assets                                                (192)          (757)        (1 411)

- Before-tax amount                                             (192)          (757)        (1 411)

- Tax benefit/(expense)                                            -              -              -


Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the
period                                                        25 252        (76 953)       159 684

Attributable to:

- Owners of the parent                                        24 632        (78 276)       158 502

- Non-controlling interest                                       620          1 323          1 182
 
                                                              25 252        (76 953)       159 684



ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION

                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited
                                                               R'000          R'000          R'000


Assets
  
Property, plant and equipment                                354 751        398 174        384 858

Financial assets                                             106 029        101 072         99 015

Current assets                                               509 964        422 333        466 720

Inventories                                                  140 901        172 634         97 776

Trade and other receivables                                   17 364         18 972         21 593

Cash and cash equivalents                                    351 699        230 727        347 351


                                                             970 744        921 579        950 593

Equity and liabilities

Total shareholders' interest                                 494 743        233 333        470 111

Non-controlling interest                                        (414)          (893)        (1 034)

Borrowings                                                     8 074         40 653         24 401

Deferred income tax liabilities                               60 451        101 016         70 735

Provisions                                                    95 206         86 971         91 473

Deferred income                                                1 114          7 798          4 456

Current liabilities                                          311 570        452 701        290 451

Trade and other payables                                     223 721        309 272        216 325

Current income tax liabilities                                15 499         12 196          4 787

Borrowings                                                    72 350        103 930         69 339

Bank overdraft                                                     -         27 303              -

 
                                                             970 744        921 579        950 593

Net asset value per share (cents)                                466            219            442



ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited
                                                               R'000          R'000          R'000

Balance at 1 April                                           469 077        309 393        309 393

Total comprehensive income/(loss) for the period              25 252        (76 953)       159 684

Balance at end of period                                     494 329        232 440        469 077



ABRIDGED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

                                                            30/09/12       30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                           Unaudited      Unaudited        Audited
                                                               R'000          R'000          R'000


Cash available from operating activities                      66 902         26 085        199 815

Movements in working capital                                 (32 015)       (40 004)        12 770

Income tax paid                                              (10 283)       (12 978)       (50 539)

Cash generated from operations                                24 604        (26 897)       162 046

Cash employed                                                (20 256)       (37 149)       (82 165)

Property, plant and equipment

- Proceeds from disposal                                      13 368             15            672

- Replacement                                                (13 120)       (12 860)       (33 087)

- Additional                                                  (4 356)        (7 733)       (17 056)

Borrowings                                                   (16 148)       (16 571)       (32 694)


Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash
equivalents                                                    4 348        (64 046)        79 881

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period             347 351        267 470        267 470

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period                   351 699        203 424        347 351






NOTES

                                                             30/09/12      30/09/11       31/03/12
                                                            Unaudited     Unaudited        Audited
                                                                R'000         R'000          R'000
1.  Other gains/(losses) ­ net

    Other gains/(losses) ­ net consists of the 
    following  categories:

    - Net foreign exchange gains                                4 853         7 474          7 795

    - Profit on sale of assets and investments                 10 311             -              -

      (Profit on sale of assets and investments was 
      previously included under cost of goods sold)            
                                                               15 164         7 474          7 795         

                                                             


2.  Discontinued operations

    On 5 October 2011 the Angolan Ministry of Geology, 
    Mines and Industry revoked the mining rights of the 
    Luarica and Fucaúma joint ventures as no mining 
    activities had been performed at the sites for a 
    period of three years as a result of the projects 
    being placed under care and maintenance.

    Trans Hex currently has a legally enforceable right  
    to set-off a portion of the amounts owed by the other  
    joint venture parties to Trans Hex against its pro-rata 
    share of certain of the joint ventures' liabilities. 
    Due to the set-off, this portion of the liabilities owed 
    by the other joint venture parties to Trans Hex became
    recoverable which resulted in a reversal of impairment of 
    R84,6 million during the 2012 financial year.

    Other gains during the reporting period relate to the
    prescription of unclaimed debts of R9,7 million (31/3/2012:
    prescription of unclaimed debts of R38,2 million and a 
    change in estimate of provisions of R20,9 million).


   Revenue                                                         -              -              -
   Other operating expenses : Luarica and Fucaúma care and
   maintenance costs                                          (1 754)       (10 660)       (12 301)

   Other gains ­ net                                           9 748              -         59 079

   Finance costs                                                  -          (3 964)        (3 965)

   Reversal of impairment of assets                               -               -         84 625

   Profit/(loss) before income tax                             7 994        (14 624)       127 438

   Taxation                                                        -              -              -

   Profit/(loss) for the period                                7 994        (14 624)       127 438


3. Reconciliation of headline earnings

   Continuing operations

   Profit for the period                                      24 312         16 277         79 676

   - Profit on sale of assets                                (10 231)           (15)          (423)

   - Taxation impact                                             678              4            118

   - Profit on sale of listed investment                         (80)             -           (233)

   - Taxation impact                                               -              -              -

   Headline earnings                                          14 679         16 266         79 138


   Discontinued operations

   Profit/(loss) for the period                                7 994        (14 624)       127 438

   Headline loss                                               7 994        (14 624)       127 438


4. Capital commitments
   (including amounts authorised, but not yet contracted)     
   These commitments will be financed from the Group's 
   own resources or with borrowed funds.                      35 397         33 991         52 979




5. Segment information
   Operating segments

                                                                    
                                                                    Continuing                 Discontinued
                                                                                          
   Six months ending 30 September 2012        South Africa            Angola         Total        Angola
                

   Carats sold                                      33 093                 -        33 093            -

                                                     R'000             R'000         R'000         R'000

   Revenue                                         330 647                 -       330 647             -

   Cost of goods sold                             (267 170)             (424)     (267 594)            -

   Gross profit/(loss)                              63 477              (424)       63 053             -

   Other operating expenses                              -                 -             -        (1 754)

   Royalties                                        (9 225)                -        (9 225)            -

   Selling and administration costs                (30 640)           (3 203)      (33 843)            -

   Mining profit                                    23 612            (3 627)       19 985        (1 754)

   Exploration costs                                (3 237)                -        (3 237)            -

   Other gains - net                                10 069             5 095        15 164         9 748

   Finance income                                    8 599                 -         8 599             -

   Finance costs                                    (4 878)                -        (4 878)            -

   Profit before income tax                         34 165             1 468        35 633         7 994


   Depreciation included in the above              (45 054)             (280)      (45 334)            -

   Assets                                          900 550            70 194       970 744             -

   Liabilities                                     339 436             3 640       343 076       133 339

   Capital expenditure                              17 473                 3        17 476             -

   Net asset value per share (cents)                   529                63           592          (126)


                                                                  Continuing                  Discontinued

   Six months ending 30 September 2011         South Africa           Angola         Total        Angola
   

   Carats sold                                      28 771                -         28 771             -

                                                     R'000             R'000         R'000         R'000

   Revenue                                         271 974                -        271 974             -

   Cost of goods sold                             (213 915)             (447)     (214 362)            -

   Gross profit/(loss)                              58 059              (447)       57 612             -

   Other operating expenses                              -                -              -       (10 660)

   Royalties                                        (5 848)               -         (5 848)            -

   Selling and administration costs                (28 697)          (2 812)       (31 509)            -

   Mining profit/(loss)                             23 514           (3 259)        20 255       (10 660)

   Exploration costs                                (6 363)               -         (6 363)            -
   
   Other gains/(losses) - net                        7 474                -          7 474             -

   Finance income                                    6 574                -          6 574             -

   Finance costs                                    (6 319)               -         (6 319)       (3 964)

   Profit/(loss) before income taxation             24 880           (3 259)        21 621       (14 624)


   Depreciation included in the above              (34 410)            (447)       (34 857)            -

   Assets                                          852 173           69 406        921 579             -

   Liabilities                                     406 539            8 762        415 301       273 838

   Capital expenditure                              20 489                -         20 489             -

   Net asset value per share (cents)                   420               57            477          (258)


                                                                   Continuing                    Discontinued  
                                                                                    
   Twelve months ending 31 March 2012         South Africa           Angola          Total        Angola
   
   Carats sold                                      83 324                -         83 324             -

                                                     R'000            R'000          R'000         R'000

   Revenue                                         754 484               -         754 484             -

   Cost of goods sold                             (562 345)            (805)      (563 150)            -

   Gross profit/(loss)                             192 139             (805)       191 334             -

   Other operating expenses                              -                -              -       (12 301)

   Royalties                                       (21 447)               -        (21 447)            -

   Selling and administration costs                (57 396)          (4 552)       (61 948)            -

   Mining profit/(loss)                            113 296           (5 357)       107 939       (12 301)

   Exploration costs                                (9 225)               -         (9 225)            -
 
   Other gains - net                                 7 795                -          7 795        59 079

   Finance income                                   14 155                -         14 155             -

   Finance costs                                  (11 496)                -        (11 496)       (3 965)

   Reversal of impairment of assets                      -                -              -        84 625

   Share of results of associated companies            117                -            117             -

   Profit/(loss) before income tax                 114 642           (5 357)       109 285       127 438

   Depreciation included in the above              (81 082)            (805)       (81 887)            -

   Assets                                          886 745           63 673        950 418           175

   Liabilities                                     347 003            3 160        350 163       131 353

   Capital expenditure                              57 041                -         57 041             -
 
   Net asset value per share (cents)                   509               57            566          (124)
      

   Revenues from transactions with certain customers amount to ten percent or more of total revenue. During the period under review total
   revenue from these customers amounted to R0,0 million (31/03/2012: R82,5 million; 30/09/2011: R66,4 million).

6.  Mineral resources and mineral reserves
   No adjustments have been made to the statement of mineral resources and mineral reserves as contained in the 2012 Annual Report. Annual
   reconciliation of production data will take place in March 2013 and an updated resource and reserve statement will be published in the 
   2013 Annual Report.


7. Contingent liabilities

   There have been no material changes to contingent liabilities previously reported in the Annual Report.


8. Accounting policies
   The accounting policies are consistent with the annual report and the corresponding prior year period in accordance with International
   Financial Reporting Standards. These abridged financial statements comply with IAS34, the AC 500 Standards as issued by the Accounting
   Practices Board, the JSE Limited's Listings Requirements and the requirements of the Companies Act of South Africa.  Income does not 
   accrue evenly throughout the year and the income for the six months, therefore, does not necessarily represent half of a full financial 
   year's income.

9. Preparation of financial statements
   The preparation of the abridged unaudited interim financial statements was supervised by the financial director, IP Hestermann CA(SA).


OVERVIEW

In this commentary, results are compared with the first six months of the 2011/2012 financial year (in brackets).

South African operations showed a profit before tax of R34,2 million (September 2011: R24,9 million). Total US$ sales attributable to the
South African operations remained stable at US$39,9 million (September 2011: US$39,5 million), at an average price of US$1,205 per carat
(September 2011: US$1,372). In Rand terms, revenue was up by 21,6% to R330,7 million (September 2011: R272,0 million).

South African production during the reporting period amounted to 35,865 carats (September 2011: 33,199 carats). The total volume of gravels
treated at the land operations increased by 9,0% and the average grade was 1,20 carats/100m3 (September 2011: 1,24 carats/100m3). The unit
cost of production increased by 2,4%.

The cost of goods sold increased to R267,6 million (September 2011: R214,4 million) due to the higher volumes of gravel treated, together
with above-inflation increases in the costs of labour, fuel, electricity and maintenance.

In Angola, production at Somiluana, in which Trans Hex holds a 33% stake, amounted to 22,600 carats during the period (September 2011: 20,473
carats). Total sales amounted to US$7,9 million at an average price of US$337 per carat (September 2011: sales amounted to US$9,8 million at
an average price of US$434 per carat).

The profit from Angolan continuing operations amounted to R1,5 million, mainly attributable to a profit of R5,1 million on the sale of assets
by Trans Hex Angola to Somiluana.

The Group reports an after-tax profit for the period from continuing operations of R24,9 million (September 2011: R16,3 million).

Profit from the discontinued Luarica and Fucaúma operations in Angola amounted to R8,0 million, primarily as a result of the prescription of
unclaimed debts.

The Group therefore reports a profit for the period of R32,9 million (September 2011: R1,7 million).

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the reporting period amounted to R351,7 million (September 2011: R203,4 million).


OPERATING PERFORMANCE

Detailed Project Information

                                       Six months ended 30 September 2012                           Six months ended 30 September 2011
                                       
                                                                               Average                                                   Average
                                                                                 price                                                     price                      
                                  Average                       Average      per carat         Average                     Average     per carat
Detailed project                    grade        Carats          carats       achieved       grade per       Carats     carats per      achieved
 information (Unaudited)        per 100m3      produced       per stone          (US$)           100m3     produced          stone         (US$)


South Africa


   Baken - total                     1,23        25 825            1,10          1 287            1,31       23 789          1,05          1 235

   Richtersveld
     Operations                      1,08         6 236            1,78          1 519            1,04        6 692          1,48          2 044


   Shallow water                        -         3 804            0,32            411               -        2 719          0,32            616


   Total SA                          1,20        35 865            0,92          1 205            1,24       33 199          0,93          1 372


Angola


   Somiluana                        18,04        22 600            0,40            337           18,19        20 473         0,45            434

Note: Average grade in South Africa is calculated excluding Shallow water production.


South Africa

South African production increased to 35,865 carats compared to 33,199 carats in the corresponding previous reporting period.

The total volume of gravels treated at the land operations increased by 9,0% and the average grade decreased to 1,20 carats/100m3 compared to
1,24 carats/100m3 in the corresponding previous reporting period.

Total sales attributable to the South African operations amounted to US$39,9 million at an average price of US$1,205 per carat (Sep 2011:
US$39,5 million at US$1,372 per carat).

Angola

Production at Somiluana, in which Trans Hex holds a 33% stake, increased to 22,600 carats compared to 20,473 carats in the corresponding
previous reporting period. The average grade achieved was 18,04 carats/100m3, compared to 18,19 carats/100m3.

Total sales attributable to the mine during the period amounted to US$7,9 million, at an average price of US$334 per carat. No repayment was
made to Trans Hex against the outstanding investment amount as cash was retained to develop the mine.

Projects Luarica and Fucaúma remained under care and maintenance throughout the period and are disclosed as discontinued operations as the
mining licenses have been formally revoked by the Angolan State.

OUTLOOK

Baken mine continues to concentrate on lowering unit costs and generating an acceptable margin, primarily through processing existing low
grade stockpiles and shallow gravels at increased throughput levels. In the light of current exchange rates, consideration is being given to
restarting the stripping operations that were suspended during 2010.

South African production for the 2013 financial year is now expected to be 75,000 carats.

In Angola, third party funding to increase production capacity at Somiluana is proving to be difficult to secure and the partners in the
project are not willing to fund the capital required. Production for the 2013 financial year is therefore expected to remain at around 42,000
carats.

Trans Hex is continuing with the appropriate course of action to exit from the discontinued Luarica and Fucaúma projects in Angola.

Tight controls over cash and costs will continue to be exercised in all areas of the Group's business.

In respect of market conditions, the interim reporting period saw rough prices increase steadily before correcting to lower levels as the
result of polished prices failing to increase and a slowdown in the Far East consumer markets affecting sales and demand. Given the still
fragile recovery in the major economies, the market for rough and polished diamonds seems likely to remain subject to short-term volatility
until demand for the polished product shows sustained improvement.

Exploration activities are continuing in Southern Africa and potential new ventures are evaluated on an ongoing basis.

With regards to Namaqualand Mines, and as reported previously on SENS, an agreement with De Beers Consolidated Mines Limited ("DBCM") was
signed on 6 May 2011, in terms of which Trans Hex's 50% held joint venture company, Emerald Panther Investments 78 (Pty) Limited, will
acquire assets and liabilities relating to Namaqualand Mines. Following subsequent negotiations between the Purchaser and DBCM, the terms of
the agreement have been amended such that DBCM will retain in excess of 50% of the Namaqualand Mines environmental rehabilitation liability.
The key amendments to the Proposed Transaction are as follows:

1.  certain assets and liabilities relating to the Namaqualand Mines' Buffels Marine Complex ("BMC") are to be removed from the proposed
    transaction (including the environmental rehabilitation liability);

2.  the Purchaser and DBCM will enter into a put, call and pre-emptive arrangement in respect of these BMC assets and liabilities; and

3.  the revised transaction, excluding the abovementioned put, call and pre-emptive arrangement, is now valued at R166 million.

Trans Hex believes that the exclusion of the BMC assets and liabilities from the Proposed Transaction significantly reduces risk for Trans
Hex as the environmental liability associated with the BMC constitutes a substantial proportion of the original environmental rehabilitation
liability, whilst the BMC itself is a lower priority asset in comparison with the Buffels River and Koingnaas Complex assets which remain in
the proposed transaction.

The proposed acquisition remains subject to a number of conditions precedent being met, including all necessary statutory and regulatory 
approvals and approval by Trans Hex shareholders. In particular, clarity is still awaited from the State, through the Department of Mineral 
Resources, in respect of its intentions regarding the States 20% interest in Namaqualand Mines. Thereafter, the necessary approval 
processes are expected to take approximately three months. A renewal of the cautionary announcement relating to this transaction is 
included in this announcement below.


Dividend

In order to maintain cash resources given the pending transaction in respect of Namaqualand Mines, the absence of any short-term credit
facilities and the still volatile nature of the global economy, the directors deem it prudent not to declare an interim dividend.


Renewal of cautionary announcement relating to the acquisition of Namaqualand Mines

Shareholders are referred to prior cautionary announcements, the last of which was released on SENS on 20 September 2012, wherein Trans Hex
announced certain key amendments to the original agreement with De Beers Consolidated Mines Limited ("DBCM") which had been signed in terms
of which, and subject to certain conditions precedent, its 50% held joint-venture company, Emerald Panther Investments 78 (Proprietary)
Limited, will acquire assets and liabilities relating to Namaqualand Mines, a division of DBCM ("the Proposed Transaction").

Shareholders are advised that Trans Hex is currently finalising certain aspects of the Proposed Transaction and therefore shareholders should
continue to exercise caution when dealing in the Company's securities until a full terms announcement is made.


By order of the board
BR van Rooyen                                                     L Delport
Chairman                                                          Chief Executive Officer

Parow
29 October 2012


REGISTERED OFFICE
405 Voortrekker Road, Parow 7500 PO Box 723, Parow 7499
JSE share code: TSX
ISIN: ZAE000018552
Registration number: 1963/007579/06
Incorporated in the Republic of South Africa
("Trans Hex" or "the Company or "the Group")

JSE SPONSOR
Sasfin Capital (a division of Sasfin Bank Limited)

TRANSACTIONAL ADVISOR
QuestCo (Pty) Limited

TRANSACTIONAL SPONSOR
QuestCo (Pty) Limited

TRANSACTIONAL ATTORNEYS TO TRANS HEX
Bowman Gilfillan Attorneys Inc


TRANSFER SECRETARIES
Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited
PO Box 61051, Marshalltown 2107

DIRECTORATE
BR van Rooyen (Chairman), L Delport (Chief Executive Officer), IP Hestermann (Financial Director),
T de Bruyn, AR Martin, GM van Heerden (Company Secretary)


Date: 29/10/2012 03:49:00 Produced by the JSE SENS Department. The SENS service is an information dissemination service administered by the JSE Limited ('JSE'). 
The JSE does not, whether expressly, tacitly or implicitly, represent, warrant or in any way guarantee the truth, accuracy or completeness of
 the information published on SENS. The JSE, their officers, employees and agents accept no liability for (or in respect of) any direct, 
indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damage of any kind or nature, howsoever arising, from the use of SENS or the use of, or reliance on,
 information disseminated through SENS.

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